SQL-based ingestion query examples

This page describes SQL-based batch ingestion using the druid-multi-stage-query extension, new in Druid 24.0. Refer to the ingestion methods table to determine which ingestion method is right for you.

These example queries show you some of the things you can do when modifying queries for your use case. Copy the example queries into the Query view of the web console and run them to see what they do.

INSERT with no rollup

This example inserts data into a table named w000 without performing any data rollup:

Show the query

INSERT INTO w000
SELECT
  TIME_PARSE("timestamp") AS __time,
  isRobot,
  channel,
  flags,
  isUnpatrolled,
  page,
  diffUrl,
  added,
  comment,
  commentLength,
  isNew,
  isMinor,
  delta,
  isAnonymous,
  user,
  deltaBucket,
  deleted,
  namespace,
  cityName,
  countryName,
  regionIsoCode,
  metroCode,
  countryIsoCode,
  regionName
FROM TABLE(
    EXTERN(
      '{"type":"http","uris":["https://druid.apache.org/data/wikipedia.json.gz"]}',
      '{"type":"json"}',
      '[{"name":"isRobot","type":"string"},{"name":"channel","type":"string"},{"name":"timestamp","type":"string"},{"name":"flags","type":"string"},{"name":"isUnpatrolled","type":"string"},{"name":"page","type":"string"},{"name":"diffUrl","type":"string"},{"name":"added","type":"long"},{"name":"comment","type":"string"},{"name":"commentLength","type":"long"},{"name":"isNew","type":"string"},{"name":"isMinor","type":"string"},{"name":"delta","type":"long"},{"name":"isAnonymous","type":"string"},{"name":"user","type":"string"},{"name":"deltaBucket","type":"long"},{"name":"deleted","type":"long"},{"name":"namespace","type":"string"},{"name":"cityName","type":"string"},{"name":"countryName","type":"string"},{"name":"regionIsoCode","type":"string"},{"name":"metroCode","type":"long"},{"name":"countryIsoCode","type":"string"},{"name":"regionName","type":"string"}]'
    )
  )
PARTITIONED BY HOUR
CLUSTERED BY channel

INSERT with rollup

This example inserts data into a table named kttm_data and performs data rollup. This example implements the recommendations described in Rollup.

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INSERT INTO "kttm_rollup"

WITH kttm_data AS (
SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/kttm-v2/kttm-v2-2019-08-25.json.gz"]}',
    '{"type":"json"}',
    '[{"name":"timestamp","type":"string"},{"name":"agent_category","type":"string"},{"name":"agent_type","type":"string"},{"name":"browser","type":"string"},{"name":"browser_version","type":"string"},{"name":"city","type":"string"},{"name":"continent","type":"string"},{"name":"country","type":"string"},{"name":"version","type":"string"},{"name":"event_type","type":"string"},{"name":"event_subtype","type":"string"},{"name":"loaded_image","type":"string"},{"name":"adblock_list","type":"string"},{"name":"forwarded_for","type":"string"},{"name":"language","type":"string"},{"name":"number","type":"long"},{"name":"os","type":"string"},{"name":"path","type":"string"},{"name":"platform","type":"string"},{"name":"referrer","type":"string"},{"name":"referrer_host","type":"string"},{"name":"region","type":"string"},{"name":"remote_address","type":"string"},{"name":"screen","type":"string"},{"name":"session","type":"string"},{"name":"session_length","type":"long"},{"name":"timezone","type":"string"},{"name":"timezone_offset","type":"long"},{"name":"window","type":"string"}]'
  )
))

SELECT
  FLOOR(TIME_PARSE("timestamp") TO MINUTE) AS __time,
  session,
  agent_category,
  agent_type,
  browser,
  browser_version,
  MV_TO_ARRAY("language") AS "language", -- Multi-value string dimension
  os,
  city,
  country,
  forwarded_for AS ip_address,

  COUNT(*) AS "cnt",
  SUM(session_length) AS session_length,
  APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT_DS_HLL(event_type) AS unique_event_types
FROM kttm_data
WHERE os = 'iOS'
GROUP BY 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
PARTITIONED BY HOUR
CLUSTERED BY browser, session

INSERT for reindexing an existing datasource

This example aggregates data from a table named w000 and inserts the result into w002.

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INSERT INTO w002
SELECT
  FLOOR(__time TO MINUTE) AS __time,
  channel,
  countryIsoCode,
  countryName,
  regionIsoCode,
  regionName,
  page,
  COUNT(*) AS cnt,
  SUM(added) AS sum_added,
  SUM(deleted) AS sum_deleted
FROM w000
GROUP BY 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
PARTITIONED BY HOUR
CLUSTERED BY page

INSERT with JOIN

This example inserts data into a table named w003 and joins data from two sources:

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INSERT INTO w003
WITH
wikidata AS (SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://druid.apache.org/data/wikipedia.json.gz"]}',
    '{"type":"json"}',
    '[{"name":"isRobot","type":"string"},{"name":"channel","type":"string"},{"name":"timestamp","type":"string"},{"name":"flags","type":"string"},{"name":"isUnpatrolled","type":"string"},{"name":"page","type":"string"},{"name":"diffUrl","type":"string"},{"name":"added","type":"long"},{"name":"comment","type":"string"},{"name":"commentLength","type":"long"},{"name":"isNew","type":"string"},{"name":"isMinor","type":"string"},{"name":"delta","type":"long"},{"name":"isAnonymous","type":"string"},{"name":"user","type":"string"},{"name":"deltaBucket","type":"long"},{"name":"deleted","type":"long"},{"name":"namespace","type":"string"},{"name":"cityName","type":"string"},{"name":"countryName","type":"string"},{"name":"regionIsoCode","type":"string"},{"name":"metroCode","type":"long"},{"name":"countryIsoCode","type":"string"},{"name":"regionName","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
countries AS (SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/lookup/countries.tsv"]}',
    '{"type":"tsv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Country","type":"string"},{"name":"Capital","type":"string"},{"name":"ISO3","type":"string"},{"name":"ISO2","type":"string"}]'
  )
))
SELECT
  TIME_PARSE("timestamp") AS __time,
  isRobot,
  channel,
  flags,
  isUnpatrolled,
  page,
  diffUrl,
  added,
  comment,
  commentLength,
  isNew,
  isMinor,
  delta,
  isAnonymous,
  user,
  deltaBucket,
  deleted,
  namespace,
  cityName,
  countryName,
  regionIsoCode,
  metroCode,
  countryIsoCode,
  countries.Capital AS countryCapital,
  regionName
FROM wikidata
LEFT JOIN countries ON wikidata.countryIsoCode = countries.ISO2
PARTITIONED BY HOUR

REPLACE an entire datasource

This example replaces the entire datasource used in the table w007 with the new query data while dropping the old data:

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REPLACE INTO w007
OVERWRITE ALL
SELECT
  TIME_PARSE("timestamp") AS __time,
  isRobot,
  channel,
  flags,
  isUnpatrolled,
  page,
  diffUrl,
  added,
  comment,
  commentLength,
  isNew,
  isMinor,
  delta,
  isAnonymous,
  user,
  deltaBucket,
  deleted,
  namespace,
  cityName,
  countryName,
  regionIsoCode,
  metroCode,
  countryIsoCode,
  regionName
FROM TABLE(
    EXTERN(
      '{"type":"http","uris":["https://druid.apache.org/data/wikipedia.json.gz"]}',
      '{"type":"json"}',
      '[{"name":"isRobot","type":"string"},{"name":"channel","type":"string"},{"name":"timestamp","type":"string"},{"name":"flags","type":"string"},{"name":"isUnpatrolled","type":"string"},{"name":"page","type":"string"},{"name":"diffUrl","type":"string"},{"name":"added","type":"long"},{"name":"comment","type":"string"},{"name":"commentLength","type":"long"},{"name":"isNew","type":"string"},{"name":"isMinor","type":"string"},{"name":"delta","type":"long"},{"name":"isAnonymous","type":"string"},{"name":"user","type":"string"},{"name":"deltaBucket","type":"long"},{"name":"deleted","type":"long"},{"name":"namespace","type":"string"},{"name":"cityName","type":"string"},{"name":"countryName","type":"string"},{"name":"regionIsoCode","type":"string"},{"name":"metroCode","type":"long"},{"name":"countryIsoCode","type":"string"},{"name":"regionName","type":"string"}]'
    )
  )
PARTITIONED BY HOUR
CLUSTERED BY channel

REPLACE for replacing a specific time segment

This example replaces certain segments in a datasource with the new query data while dropping old segments:

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REPLACE INTO w007
OVERWRITE WHERE __time >= TIMESTAMP '2019-08-25 02:00:00' AND __time < TIMESTAMP '2019-08-25 03:00:00'
SELECT
  FLOOR(__time TO MINUTE) AS __time,
  channel,
  countryIsoCode,
  countryName,
  regionIsoCode,
  regionName,
  page
FROM w007
WHERE __time >= TIMESTAMP '2019-08-25 02:00:00' AND __time < TIMESTAMP '2019-08-25 03:00:00' AND countryName = "Canada"
PARTITIONED BY HOUR
CLUSTERED BY page

REPLACE for reindexing an existing datasource into itself

Show the query

REPLACE INTO w000
OVERWRITE ALL
SELECT
  FLOOR(__time TO MINUTE) AS __time,
  channel,
  countryIsoCode,
  countryName,
  regionIsoCode,
  regionName,
  page,
  COUNT(*) AS cnt,
  SUM(added) AS sum_added,
  SUM(deleted) AS sum_deleted
FROM w000
GROUP BY 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
PARTITIONED BY HOUR
CLUSTERED BY page

SELECT with EXTERN and JOIN

Show the query

WITH flights AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/flights/On_Time_Reporting_Carrier_On_Time_Performance_(1987_present)_2005_11.csv.zip"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"depaturetime","type":"string"},{"name":"arrivalime","type":"string"},{"name":"Year","type":"long"},{"name":"Quarter","type":"long"},{"name":"Month","type":"long"},{"name":"DayofMonth","type":"long"},{"name":"DayOfWeek","type":"long"},{"name":"FlightDate","type":"string"},{"name":"Reporting_Airline","type":"string"},{"name":"DOT_ID_Reporting_Airline","type":"long"},{"name":"IATA_CODE_Reporting_Airline","type":"string"},{"name":"Tail_Number","type":"string"},{"name":"Flight_Number_Reporting_Airline","type":"long"},{"name":"OriginAirportID","type":"long"},{"name":"OriginAirportSeqID","type":"long"},{"name":"OriginCityMarketID","type":"long"},{"name":"Origin","type":"string"},{"name":"OriginCityName","type":"string"},{"name":"OriginState","type":"string"},{"name":"OriginStateFips","type":"long"},{"name":"OriginStateName","type":"string"},{"name":"OriginWac","type":"long"},{"name":"DestAirportID","type":"long"},{"name":"DestAirportSeqID","type":"long"},{"name":"DestCityMarketID","type":"long"},{"name":"Dest","type":"string"},{"name":"DestCityName","type":"string"},{"name":"DestState","type":"string"},{"name":"DestStateFips","type":"long"},{"name":"DestStateName","type":"string"},{"name":"DestWac","type":"long"},{"name":"CRSDepTime","type":"long"},{"name":"DepTime","type":"long"},{"name":"DepDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"DepDelayMinutes","type":"long"},{"name":"DepDel15","type":"long"},{"name":"DepartureDelayGroups","type":"long"},{"name":"DepTimeBlk","type":"string"},{"name":"TaxiOut","type":"long"},{"name":"WheelsOff","type":"long"},{"name":"WheelsOn","type":"long"},{"name":"TaxiIn","type":"long"},{"name":"CRSArrTime","type":"long"},{"name":"ArrTime","type":"long"},{"name":"ArrDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"ArrDelayMinutes","type":"long"},{"name":"ArrDel15","type":"long"},{"name":"ArrivalDelayGroups","type":"long"},{"name":"ArrTimeBlk","type":"string"},{"name":"Cancelled","type":"long"},{"name":"CancellationCode","type":"string"},{"name":"Diverted","type":"long"},{"name":"CRSElapsedTime","type":"long"},{"name":"ActualElapsedTime","type":"long"},{"name":"AirTime","type":"long"},{"name":"Flights","type":"long"},{"name":"Distance","type":"long"},{"name":"DistanceGroup","type":"long"},{"name":"CarrierDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"WeatherDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"NASDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"SecurityDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"LateAircraftDelay","type":"long"},{"name":"FirstDepTime","type":"string"},{"name":"TotalAddGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"LongestAddGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"DivAirportLandings","type":"string"},{"name":"DivReachedDest","type":"string"},{"name":"DivActualElapsedTime","type":"string"},{"name":"DivArrDelay","type":"string"},{"name":"DivDistance","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1Airport","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1AirportID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1AirportSeqID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1WheelsOn","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1TotalGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1LongestGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1WheelsOff","type":"string"},{"name":"Div1TailNum","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2Airport","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2AirportID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2AirportSeqID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2WheelsOn","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2TotalGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2LongestGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2WheelsOff","type":"string"},{"name":"Div2TailNum","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3Airport","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3AirportID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3AirportSeqID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3WheelsOn","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3TotalGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3LongestGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3WheelsOff","type":"string"},{"name":"Div3TailNum","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4Airport","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4AirportID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4AirportSeqID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4WheelsOn","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4TotalGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4LongestGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4WheelsOff","type":"string"},{"name":"Div4TailNum","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5Airport","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5AirportID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5AirportSeqID","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5WheelsOn","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5TotalGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5LongestGTime","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5WheelsOff","type":"string"},{"name":"Div5TailNum","type":"string"},{"name":"Unnamed: 109","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
L_AIRPORT AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/dimensions/L_AIRPORT.csv"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Code","type":"string"},{"name":"Description","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
L_AIRPORT_ID AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/dimensions/L_AIRPORT_ID.csv"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Code","type":"long"},{"name":"Description","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
L_AIRLINE_ID AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/dimensions/L_AIRLINE_ID.csv"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Code","type":"long"},{"name":"Description","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
L_CITY_MARKET_ID AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/dimensions/L_CITY_MARKET_ID.csv"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Code","type":"long"},{"name":"Description","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
L_CANCELLATION AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/dimensions/L_CANCELLATION.csv"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Code","type":"string"},{"name":"Description","type":"string"}]'
  )
)),
L_STATE_FIPS AS (
  SELECT * FROM TABLE(
  EXTERN(
    '{"type":"http","uris":["https://static.imply.io/example-data/flight_on_time/dimensions/L_STATE_FIPS.csv"]}',
    '{"type":"csv","findColumnsFromHeader":true}',
    '[{"name":"Code","type":"long"},{"name":"Description","type":"string"}]'
  )
))
SELECT
  depaturetime,
  arrivalime,
  -- "Year",
  -- Quarter,
  -- "Month",
  -- DayofMonth,
  -- DayOfWeek,
  -- FlightDate,
  Reporting_Airline,

  DOT_ID_Reporting_Airline,
  DOTAirlineLookup.Description AS DOT_Reporting_Airline,

  IATA_CODE_Reporting_Airline,
  Tail_Number,
  Flight_Number_Reporting_Airline,

  OriginAirportID,
  OriginAirportIDLookup.Description AS OriginAirport,

  OriginAirportSeqID,

  OriginCityMarketID,
  OriginCityMarketIDLookup.Description AS OriginCityMarket,

  Origin,
  OriginAirportLookup.Description AS OriginDescription,

  OriginCityName,
  OriginState,

  OriginStateFips,
  OriginStateFipsLookup.Description AS OriginStateFipsDescription,

  OriginStateName,
  OriginWac,

  DestAirportID,
  DestAirportIDLookup.Description AS DestAirport,

  DestAirportSeqID,

  DestCityMarketID,
  DestCityMarketIDLookup.Description AS DestCityMarket,

  Dest,
  DestAirportLookup.Description AS DestDescription,

  DestCityName,
  DestState,

  DestStateFips,
  DestStateFipsLookup.Description AS DestStateFipsDescription,

  DestStateName,
  DestWac,

  CRSDepTime,
  DepTime,
  DepDelay,
  DepDelayMinutes,
  DepDel15,
  DepartureDelayGroups,
  DepTimeBlk,
  TaxiOut,
  WheelsOff,
  WheelsOn,
  TaxiIn,
  CRSArrTime,
  ArrTime,
  ArrDelay,
  ArrDelayMinutes,
  ArrDel15,
  ArrivalDelayGroups,
  ArrTimeBlk,

  Cancelled,
  CancellationCode,
  CancellationCodeLookup.Description AS CancellationReason,

  Diverted,
  CRSElapsedTime,
  ActualElapsedTime,
  AirTime,
  Flights,
  Distance,
  DistanceGroup,
  CarrierDelay,
  WeatherDelay,
  NASDelay,
  SecurityDelay,
  LateAircraftDelay,
  FirstDepTime,
  TotalAddGTime,
  LongestAddGTime
FROM "flights"
LEFT JOIN L_AIRLINE_ID AS DOTAirlineLookup ON DOT_ID_Reporting_Airline = DOTAirlineLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_AIRPORT AS OriginAirportLookup ON Origin = OriginAirportLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_AIRPORT AS DestAirportLookup ON Dest = DestAirportLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_AIRPORT_ID AS OriginAirportIDLookup ON OriginAirportID = OriginAirportIDLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_AIRPORT_ID AS DestAirportIDLookup ON DestAirportID = DestAirportIDLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_CITY_MARKET_ID AS OriginCityMarketIDLookup ON OriginCityMarketID = OriginCityMarketIDLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_CITY_MARKET_ID AS DestCityMarketIDLookup ON DestCityMarketID = DestCityMarketIDLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_STATE_FIPS AS OriginStateFipsLookup ON OriginStateFips = OriginStateFipsLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_STATE_FIPS AS DestStateFipsLookup ON DestStateFips = DestStateFipsLookup.Code
LEFT JOIN L_CANCELLATION AS CancellationCodeLookup ON CancellationCode = CancellationCodeLookup.Code
LIMIT 1000

Stream ingestion

Batch ingestion

SQL-based ingestion 🆕

Druid SQL

Concepts

Native query types

Native query components

Security

Performance tuning

Monitoring

Misc

SQL-based ingestion query examples

INSERT with no rollup

INSERT with rollup

INSERT for reindexing an existing datasource

INSERT with JOIN

REPLACE an entire datasource

REPLACE for replacing a specific time segment

REPLACE for reindexing an existing datasource into itself

SELECT with EXTERN and JOIN